Giáo án English 12

LESSON PLAN 4 : CONSERVATION [A]: AIMS : 1.Educational Themes: -The lesson focuses on some urgent measures to conserve natural environment. -The lesson also aims at giving students the love for nature. 2.Traing Skills: -The students are trained to develop their reading and writing skills. [B]: TEACHING POINTS : -The Gerunds -The Infinitives -Noun Formation [C]: TEACHING METHODS: -Communicative Approach combined with Grammar Translation. [D]: PROCEDURES: 1.Checking Attendance. 2.Oral Check-up. 3.Presentaion of a new lesson: I.VOCABULARY: 1/*conserve [k¶n’sЗ:v]= prevent smth from being destroyed or lost.(baûo toàn) àconservation (n) 2/*safeguard[‘seifga:d](v) = protect 3/*preserve [pri’zЗ:v](v) = keep safe or free from.(baûo quaûn, giöõ gìn) àpreservation [prezЗ:’vei∫n] (n) àpreserve (n) = place where wildlife is preserved. 4/*natural resources : taøi nguyeân thieân nhieân. -Japan is a very rich country though it is not rich in natural resources. 5/*wildlife [‘waildlaif](n) = animals living in natural conditions.(thuù hoang daõ) 6/*prevent [pri’vent](v) : ngaên caûn àprevent smth :ngaên caûn vieäc gì àprevent smth happening: ngaên vieäc gì khoûi xaõy ra. àprevent smb from doing smth: ngaên ai khoâng laøm vieäc gì. àprevention (n) 7/*soil [soil] : ñaát troàng 8/*waste [weist] (n) :söï laõng phí -a waste of time: laõng phí thôøi gian -a waste of money: laõng phí tieàn baïc àwasteful (adj) =/= economical àwaste (v) =/= save 9/*environment [in’vai¶r¶m¶nt] (n) = natural conditions (moâi tröôøng) àenvironmental(adj) 10/*pollute [p¶‘lju:t] = make dirty, dirty àpolluted (adj) = dirty àpollution (n) 11/*poison [‘poizn] (v) :laøm nhieåm ñoäc -He was poisoned to death. àpoisonous (adj): a poisonous snake àpoison (n):thuoác ñoäc 12/*be concerned with : coù lieân quan ñeán -The industrial development is concerned with air pollution. 13/*reclaim [ri’kleim](v) = make land suitable for cultivation (caûi taïo ñaát) 14/*irrigate [‘irigeit](v) = supply water through pipes or streams (daãn nöôùc) àirrigation (n) / irrigational (adj) 15/*drain [drein] (v) = cause to flow away (laøm thoùat ñi, ruùt ñi) àdrainage (n) 16/*swamp [swomp](n) = marsh(ñaàm laày) 17/*push back : ñaåy luøi 18/*rotation [rou’tei n] (n): söï luaân phieân, quay voøng 19/*replace [ri’pleis](v) = take the place of (thay theá) àreplacement (n) 20/*enrich (v) = make rich 21/*fertilizer [‘fЗ:tilaiz¶](n): phaân boùn 22/*erode [i’roud]= wear away gradually (soùi moøn) àerosion (n) 23/*plough [plau ]= plow (caøy xôùi) 24/*contour [‘kontu¶]: ñöôøng vieàn quanh 25/*shrub [∫rËb](n) = bush (buïi caây) 26/*bind, bound, bound(v) = fasten (baùm [baind][baund] laáy,baùm chaët) 27/*loose [lu:s] (adj) =/= tight àloose soil : ñaát tôi 28/*retain [ri’tein] (v) = keep (giöû laïi) 29/*timber [‘timb¶](n) = wood (goã moäc) 30/*mature [m¶‘tju:¶](adj) = fully grown =/= immature àpremature : tröôûng thaønh tröôùc tuoåi 31/*pass a law : thoâng qua moät ñaïo luaät 32/*restrict [ri’strikt] = limit (haïn cheá) 33/*threaten [‘θretn(v):ñe doïa, haêm doïa 34/*forbid , forbade, forbidden (v)= ban [f¶‘bid][f¶‘bæd] [f¶‘bidn] (ngaên caám) -She has forbidden her children to ride their bikes to school. -His parents banned him from making friends with them. 35/*fuel [‘fju:¶l](n) : nhieân lieäu (nhö :gas (khí), petroleum(xaêng, daàu), coal(than) àraw material : nguyeân lieäu thoâ (nhö : copper(ñoàng), iron(saét) , lead(chì) àsoft fuel : nhieân lieäu nheï deã chaùy àheavy fuel : nhieân lieäu naëng àalternative fuel : nhieân lieäu thay theá 36/*fog (n) : söông muø à “pea soup” fog :söông muø daày ñaëc àfoggy (adj) 37/*fume [fju:m] (n) = smoke (khoùi) 38/*exhaust [ig’zo:st] (n) = khí thaûi 39/*wipe out = destroy completely (loaïi tröø) -Smoke should be wiped out from the city centre by effective laws. 40/*recycle [ri’saikl](v) = put back into use (taùi sinh, taùi cheá) -Recycling paper is necessary to save wood-pulp. 41/*metal [‘metl] (n) :kim loaïi 42/*discard [dis’ka:d] (v) = throw away 43/*can (n) = tin (hoäp thieác) -a can of fish : hoäp caù -a can of beer : lon bia -a discarded can : lon vöùt ñi 44/*chiefly (adv) = mainly (chuû yeáu) 45/*immense [i’mens](adj)= vast (bao la) àimmense quantity : soá löôïng raát lôùn 46/*search for (v) = look for (tìm kieám) 47/*energy [‘en¶dzi] (n) = power (naêng löôïng) -solar energy : naêng löôïng maët trôøi -wind energy : naêng löôïng gioù -wave energy : naêng löôïng soùng -nuclear energy : naêng löôïng haït nhaân -tidal energy : naêng löôïng thuyû trieàu -hydro-electric energy : naêng löôïng thuyû ñieän. 48/*clear (v) = make clear (laøm quang ñaõng) 49/*fight [fait](n) = struggle (cuoäc ñaáu tranh) àfight , fought , fought (v) 50/*mineral (n):khoaùng saûn, nöôùc khoaùng 51/*use up : duøng heát 52/*run off : chaûy maát II.GRAMMAR: (1)The Gerunds: Danh ñoäng töø coù caáu truùc gioáng nhö hieän taïi phaân töø ( töùc laø ñoäng töø theâm ING): talking, learning, cutting, lying Danh ñoäng töø, nhö teân goïi, laø ñoäng töø duøng nhö danh töø. Danh ñoäng töø chuû yeáu ñöùng ôû vò trí, vaø thöïc hieän chöùc naêng, cuûa moät danh töø trong caâu.Noù thöôøng ñöôïc: 1/ Duøng laøm chuû töø :(subject) -Swimming is good for our health. -Being friendly will bring you friends. 2/ Duøng laøm tuùc töø cho ñoäng töø :(object of a verb) -These boys like swimming. -My brother practises speaking English every day. 3/ Duøng laøm boå ngöõ cho chuû töø : (subject complement) -My hobby is swimming. -Seeing is believing. 4/ Duøng laøm tuùc töø cho giôùi töø : (object of a preposition) -He is fond of swimming. -She is interested in learning English. 5/ Duøng trong caâu ngaên caám ngaén (short prohibition) hoaëc ñeå thaønh laäp danh töø keùp (compound noun) -No smoking. -No talking, please. -Swimming pool. -Dining room. -Washing machine. 6/ Duøng sau tính töø sôû höõu: -Please forgive my coming late. -His driving carelessly often causes accidents. 7/ Duøng sau moät soá ñoäng töø vaø moät soá caùch dieãn ñaït nhaát ñònh nhö : admit, advise, avoid, consider, delay, deny, dislike, enjoy, finish, hate, keep, like, mind, practise, postpone, quit, risk, suggest, can’t help, can’t bear, can’t stand, be worth, be busy, it’s no use, there’s no -We enjoy listening to music. -I can’t help laughing when she makes jokes. (2)The Infinitives: Ñoäng töø nguyeân maãu thöôøng coù giôùi töø to ñöùng tröôùc ( to do, to learn, to help, to advise) vaø ñöôïc duøng trong nhöõng tröôøng hôïp sau: 1/ Laøm chuû töø(subject), tuùc töø (object) hoaëc boå ngöõ (complement) trong caâu: -To conceal the truth from her was foolish. -He wanted to become a spaceman. -What he asked for is to be left alone. 2/Laøm tính töø boå nghóa cho danh töø: -He was the first man to leave the room. -English is an important language to master. 3/ Laøm traïng töø dieãn taû caùc noäi dung sau: *Muïc ñích cuûa haønh ñoäng. -He went to the station to meet her. -He bought a dictionary to study English. *Keát quaû, haäu quaû.(sau TOO +Adj/ Adv) -She is too tired to go for a walk. -The box was too heavy for her to carry. *Hieäu quaû.(sau Adj/ Adv + ENOUGH) -I’m strong enough to carry that heavy box. -He isn’t rich enough to travel everywhere by taxi. 4/ Duøng sau moät soá ñoäng töø nhaát ñònh nhö : afford, agree, arrange, decide, demand, expect, fail, hope, intend, learn, manage, need, offer, plan, pretend, promise,refuse, threaten, want, wish, would like -They promised to come back soon. -He can’t afford to take a taxi. vaø duøng sau moät soá ñoäng töø coù tuùc töø (verb + obj + to inf) nhö: advise, allow, ask, beg, encourage, expect, forbid, force, help, invite, order, permit, persuade, prefer, remind, teach, tell, want, warn -They don’t allow us to smoke in the office. -I taught myself to play the guitar. (3)Noun Formation: Noun derived from verbs can have the following suffixes: * -tion / -ation :conservation; preservation; prevention * -ment :development, movement, achievement * -er / -or :fertilizer; actor; teacher * -ing :poisoning; dirtying * -age :drainage, carriage, breakage * -o- :safeguard, love; desire III.COMPREHENSION : What is conservation? What three things make up conservation? How can people reclaim land? How can farmers protect their land? Why are trees and shrubs needed to preserve land? What happens if all the trees in a regions are cut? Why have many countries restricted hunting and fishing? What is a chief problem for large cities? What is conservation also concerned with? àa/Conservation is the safeguarding and preservation of natural resources. b/The prevention of wastes, the fight against pollution of our environment, and the reclaiming of land c/by irrigating deserts, draining swamps or pushing back the sea. d/by yearly rotation of crops. e/because their roots bind the soil and retain water. f/the soil can easily become loose and blow away. g/to protect wildlife. h/Dirty air is a chief problem for large cities. i/Conservation is also concerned with searching for alternative fuels such as the solar energy. 4.Re-inforcement: 5.Home Assignments: -Exercises on page 58-59-60-61-62 -Some more exercises A/Indicate the function of gerunds in each sentence. 1/Preserving natural resources is of great important.(..subject) 2/We avoid polluting our environment.(..) 3/Seeing is believing.() 4/We talked about going to the countryside for a picnic.(.) 5/My father started working in a steel mill at 15.(.) 6/My hobby is collecting stamps.(..) 7/She’s scared of living on her own in a big city.(.) 8/Smoking is not allowed in this auditorium.(.) 9/We are very interested in learning English.(.) 10/Please forgive my coming late.() 11/I can’t help laughing when she makes jokes.() B/Supply the correct preposition and the gerund form of the verbs in parentheses. 1/Mary is fond.. .(swim). -Mary is fond of swimming. 2/John insisted. ..(buy) a new car. -. 3/He needs more pracice.. .(speak) English. - 4/She is afraid.. .(fail) in an examination. -. 5/Tom is not interested .(learn) French. -. 6/Thank you ..(help) me. -.. 7/We are looking forward.. ..(see) you. -. 8/He is very good . .(play) tennis. -. 9/I have no objection (carry) out the plan. -. 10/Jim was tired ..(wait) for us. -. 11/We are thinking . ..(study) French. -. C/Put the verbs in parenthese in their correct form.(gerund or infinitive) 1/I wish (see) to see. the manager. 2/I’d like him(start)..(take) more English lessons. 3/I hate(get).up early and (dress)in the dark. 4/I have no intention of(go).to the play. 5/She was the last student (leave).. the room. 6/I arranged(meet)..them later. 7/Our teacher has promised (help).us(prepare).for the exam. 8/The movie is worth(see). 9/I’d like (have).. an opportunity of (meet).again. 10/I had to ask the boys (stop).(play) 11/Would you mind(close)..the door? D/Supply the correct verb form. 1/I hope(have).. a job. 2/Try (make)..(make)him angry. 3/He is thinking of(quit).his job. 4/Please let me(know). your decision. 5/It’s no use(wait).. 6/Gravity makes water(run)downhill. 7/Gravity keeps the moon(travel)around the earth instead of (shoot).. off into space. 8/It’s difficult (get)used to (eat)with chopsticks. 9/Stop (argue)and start(work). 10/I used (swim)in the river . 11/He warned her(not touch).the wire. 12/Do you feel like(go).to a film or would you rather(stay)..at home? 13/He is too busy(take)..care of her. 14/He is very busy (take)..care of her. 15/It takes me hours(write)..the letter. 16/He gave up (smoke).years ago. 17/(look)at me and answer my question. 18/He told me(try)..(come).early. 19/Is there anything worth(buy)..? 20/Sad movies always make me (cry) E/Put the verbs in brackets in the correct form. 1/Put the cigarette out.You are not allowed.in here.(smoke) 2/It’s hot in here.Would you mind.the windows?(open) 3/He found the work difficult, he managed.the examination.(pass) 4/I never read Shakespeare now because they made me it at school.(study) 5/She always travels by train or by boat because she’s afraid of.(fly) 6/ “Let’s go out tonight”-“All right.Where do you want.?(go) 7/You’re overweight.You ought..more exercise.(take) 8/This is a very beautiful village, but there’s nowhere.in the evening.(go) 9/When I first visited Britain, I couldn’t get used..on the left.(drive) 10/There’s a lot of traffic.We’d better not.the road here.(cross) 11/I don’t know why she resigned.She seemed..very happy here.(be) 12/I’m tired of..television every evening.(watch) 13/Her doctor advised hera specialist.(see) 14/I’ll help you.I’m sure you aren’t strong enough..it on your own.(lift) 15/He spends all his timecomic books.(read) 16/My parents are very strict.They wouldn’t let me.out late in the evening.(stay) 17/A kettle is used for.water.(boil) 18/He’s working too hard.He’s too tired.anything when he gets home. (do ) 19/The robber forced the manager.the safe.(open) 20/I hope..my brother in Australia.(visit) F/Complete each sentence with the noun corresponding to the verb given. *conserve *erode *rotate *irrigate *poison *swamp *wipe *pollute *safeguard *preserve *prevent *waste 1/Farmers are happy because they have a newirrigationsystem. 2/She was horrified by all the .on the beach. 3/Energyis a problem throughout the world. 4/The paintings were in an excellent state of.. 5/Please give the table mats a quick. 6/The scientist talked about theof the coastline by the sea. 7/He died of blood.last year. 8/.is better than cure. 9/The chairmanship of the committee changes in 10/We have found a way ofour money. 11/The hunter was lost in the. 12/Doing such a thing is a ..of time. *explore *supply *produce *educate *protect *provide *publish *prepare *equip *train *solve *decide 13/Please decide what you want to do.You must make adecision 14/Most of the earth has been explored.Now we are in the age of space., searching for more information about the stars and other planets. 15/The secretary ordered paper, pens and other .for the office. 16/Did you bring all the sports..for our picnic? 17/Mexico’s..of oil is higher this year than last year. 18/.is very important for everyone. 19/ “Newsweek” is a popular. 20/The police provivefor the people in a country. 21/Explorers have to take a lot of..with them. 22/You have to train to be a police officer. is necessary. 23/It is difficult to give a speech without 24/This is a complicated problem and I can’t find the.. - G/Rewrite these sentences , beginning with the words given. 1/We can avoid waiting by booking the tickets in advance. -If.. 2/Jane spends three hours sorting out her stamps. -It takes. 3/He never comes to class late. -Never 4/You are too young to ride a motor-cycle. -you are not. 5/It is dangerous to drive fast. -Driving.. 6/This test is very difficult! -What. 7/English is a language spoken all over the world. -English is. 8/They have to change the date of meeting again. -The date. 9/It was so late that nothing could be done. -It was too. 10/I didn’t go out because it rained. -If H/Supply the correct verb tense. 1/Mary(have).to go to New York last week, but she almost(miss). the plane.She (stand).. in the queue at the check-in desk when she suddenly(realize).that she (leave).her passport at home. Fortunately, she(not live)..very far from the airport so she (have)time to go to get the passport.She(get)back to the airport just in time for her flight. 2/The clock(strike).four as she (reach)...her flat.She (light) a final cigarette and (sit).. at her dressing-table thinking of the party she (leave)an hour before.She would have been home much earlier but she(have).difficulty in finding a taxi at that late hour.Reflecting that if she didn’t go to bed quickly, she would feel dreadful at work the next day, she(put).down her cigarette, (undress)quickly, and (get).into bed.She (fall).. asleep at once. 3/When I (come).to see them last night, they(play).chess.They (say)..they(play).since 7 o’clock. 4/This morning when I (get)..to the station,I (learn)that the train I had expected to get (leave)..ten minutes before. The station-master(tell)..me that the time-tables(be)..altered the previous week. 5/He (give).me back the book two days ago,(thank)me for lending it to him and (say)that he(enjoy)..it very much, but I (know)..that he (not read)it because most of the pages(be)still uncut. 6/The man(teach)..in this school since 1985.Before he(come).here , he(live)..in Hue.Now he(live)..in the suburbs and (come)to school every day on his bicycle. I/Complete each sentence with the missing prepositions. 1/We walked ..townSunday morning. 2/That bad boy threw rocks.my dog. 3/They arrived.the United States last year. 4/The boy left his bycycle leaning..the wall. 5/Next month, I am going to Scotland .a holiday. 6/The building was.fire. 7/They prefer beef..pork. 8/Don’t worry. I will protect you.harm. 9/What’s the matter.you? 10/She reminds methe girl I was .school.. . J/Read the passage carefully. Forests are useful to Man in several ways. Wood is always necessary for building and making all kinds of things and we usually need firewood in our home.Forest provide timber, one of the mot valuable resources but they must be used wisely and managed carefully. Men should control the cutting of trees in such a way that the forest grows more trees than it would be cut.Trees and shrubs are also needed to preserve land because their roots bind the soil, preventing heavy rain from washing the soil away. Make up questions and answer them. 1/Why / forests / useful / Man ? - - 2/How / we / control / cutting of trees? - -. 3/Trees and shrubs / needed / preserve land ? Why ? - -