Bài tập trắc nghiệm Tiếng Anh theo chuyên đề tách từ đề thi thử THPTQG năm 2019 - Chuyên đề: Đọc hiểu - Đề 47 (Có đáp án)

Đọc hiểu The Hindu culture celebrates marriage as a pure and pristine rite enabling two individuals start their journey of life together. It puts emphasis on the values of happiness, harmony and growth and could be traced back from the Vedic times. Months before the wedding ceremony, an engagement is held which is called “magni”. The couple is blessed here with gifts, jewelry and clothes. Another important ritual is the “mehendi” which is a paste made from the leaves of henna plant. It is the traditional art of adorning the hands and the feet of the bride with mehendi and the name of the groom is also hidden in the design. On the day of marriage, the couple exchanges garlands as a gesture of acceptance of one another and a pledge to respect one another as partners which is known as «jaimala». This is followed by «jaimala», where the father of the bride places her hand in the groom’s hand requesting him to accept her as an equal partner. Another ritual is the «havan» in which the couple invokes Agni, the god of Fire, to witness their commitment to each other. Crushed sandalwood, herbs, sugar rice and oil are offered to the ceremonial fire. The “gath bandhan” takes place where scarves of the bride and groom are tied together symbolizing their eternal bond. This signifies their pledge before God to love each other and remain loyal. The couple then takes four “mangal pheras” or walk around the ceremonial fire, representing four goals in life: “Dharma”, religious and moral duties; “Artha”, prosperity; “Kama” earthly pleasures; “Moksha”, spiritual salvation. The couple also takes seven steps together to begin their journey, called the “saptapardi”. Then the ritual of “sindoor” takes place where the groom applies a small dot of vermilion, a red powder to the bride’s forehead and welcomes her as his partner for life. This signifies the completion of the marriage. The parents of the bride and the groom then give their blessings, “ashirwad” to the newly wed couple as they touch the feet of their parents. Question 1: What might be the most suitable title for this reading passage? A. The Hindu culture B. The Hindu religion C. The Hindu wedding D. The Hindu tradition Question 2: What does the word “magni” stand for? the wedding the paste made from the leave of one another the engagement the gesture of acceptance oi one another Question 3: What do the Hindu people think about marriage? It is entirely a spiritual traditional ritual allowing two individuals to live together It is a belief in the growth of a family newly formed by two individuals It is a wish of happiness and harmony to come to two individuals It is just a living-together announcement of two individuals Question 4: What can the word adorning be best replaced by? A. decorating B. painting C. repairing D. dying Question 5: What can the word invokes be best replaced by? A. tells B. says C. prays D. talks Question 6: Why does the couple exchange garlands? to do a ritual to show both their acceptance of and the swear to respect the partner to express their acceptance of one another and a wish of happiness to express their vow to respect each other for the whole life Question 7: When is the wedding ceremony completed? When the parents ot the bride and the groom give their blessings to the couple When the couple touches their parents’ feet When the couple makes seven steps together When the groom applies a small dot of vermillion of the brides forehead It is hard to think of a world without gas or electricity. Both are commonly used for lighting and heating today. We now can instantly flick a lighter or strike a match to make a flame. But it was not long ago that there were no such things as matches or lighters. To make fire, it was necessary to strike a piece of iron on flint for sparks to ignite some tinder. If the tinder was damp, or the flint old, you had to borrow some fire from a neighbor. We do not know exactly when or how people first used fire. Perhaps, many ages ago, they found that sticks would burn if they were dropped into some hole where melted lava from a volcano lay boiling. They brought the lighted sticks back to make their fire in a cave. Or, they may have seen trees catch fire through being struck by lightning, and used the trees to start their own fires. Gradually people learned they could start a fire without traveling far to find flames. They rubbed two pieces ot wood together. This method was used for thousands of years. When people became used to making fires with which to cook food and stay warm at night, they found that certain resins or gums from trees burnt longer and brighter. They melted resins and dipped branches in the liquid to make torches that lit their homes at night. Iron stands in which torches used to be fixed can still be seen in old buildings of Europe. There was no lighting in city streets until gas lamps, and then electric lamps were installed. Boys ran about London at night carrying torches of burning material. They were called torch boys, or link boys, and earned a living by guiding visitors to friends’ houses at night. For centuries homes were lit by candles until oil was found. Even then, oil lamps were no more effective than a cluster of candles. We read about the splendors and marvels of ancient palaces and castles, but we forget that they must have been gloomy and murky places at night. Question 8: What does “they” refer to? A. people B. ages C. sticks D. trees Question 9: According to the passage the first fire used by people was probably obtained . A. from the suns heat through glass B. by rubbing wood together C. from heat or fire caused by nature D. by striking iron against flint Question 10: It is stated in the passage that torches for lighting were made from . A. the wood of gum trees B. iron bars dipped in melted resins C. wooden poles dipped in oil D. tree branches dipped in melted resins Question 11: It is mentioned in the passage that before the electric lamp was invented, . oil lamps and then candles were used candles and oil lamps appeared about the same time candles and then oil lamps were used people did not use any form of lighting in their houses Question 12: The word “splendors” in the passage could be best replaced by which of the following? A. expensive object B. places of scenic beauty C. achievements D. the beautiful and impressive features Question 13: According to the passage, which of the following sentence is NOT true? We know exactly when and how people first used fire Before gas lamps and electric lamps appeared, streets were lit by torches We can make a fire by striking a piece of iron on flint to ignite some tinder Matches and lighters were invented not long ago Question 14: The word “gloomy” in the passage is closest in meaning to _ . A. nearly dark B. badly decorated C. containing a lot of white D. mysterious Question 15: What form of street lighting was used in London when link boys used to work there? A. Gas lighting B. No lighting at all C. Electric lighting D. Oil lighting The rules of etiquette in American restaurants depend upon a number of factors the physical location of the restaurant, e.g., rural or urban; the type of restaurant, e.g., informal or formal; and certain standards that are more universal. In other words, some standards of etiquette vary significantly while other standards apply almost anywhere. Learning the proper etiquette in a particular type of restaurant in a particular area may sometimes require instruction, but more commonly it simply requires sensitivity and experience. For example, while it is acceptable to read a magazine in a coffee shop, it is inappropriate to do the same in a more luxurious setting. And, if you are eating in a very rustic setting, it may be fine to tuck your napkin into your shirt, but if you are in a sophisticated urban restaurant this behavior would demonstrate a lack of manners. It is safe to say, however, that in virtually every restaurant it is unacceptable to indiscriminately throw your food on the floor. The conclusion we can most likely draw from the above is that while the types and locations of restaurants determine etiquette appropriate to them, some rules apply to all restaurants Question 16: What topic is this passage primarily concerned? Instruction in proper etiquette Rules of etiquette Variable and universal standards of etiquette The importance of good manners Question 17: According to the passage, which of the following is a universal rule of etiquette? A. reading a magazine at a coffee shop B. not throwing food on the floor C. eating in rustic settings D. eating in rustic settings Question 18: What does the word “it” refer to? A. learning the proper etiquette B. clear instruction C. knowing the type of restaurant D. sensitivity Question 19: Which of the following words is most similar to the meaning of “rustic”? A. urban B. unsophisticated C. agricultural D. ancient Question 20: Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “tuck”? A. set B. put C. fold D. hold Question 21: The word “indiscriminately” could best be replaced by which of the following? A. random B. angrily C. noisily D. destructively Question 22: The author uses the word “draw” in line 16 to mean A. pick out B. drag away C. evoke D. infer Because writing has become so important in our culture, we sometimes think of it as more real than speech. A little thought, however, will show why speech is primary and writing secondary to language. Human beings have been writing (as far as we can tell from surviving evidence) for at least 5000 years; but they have been talking for much longer, doubtless ever since there have been human beings. When writing did develop, it was derived from and represented speech, although imperfectly. Even today there are spoken languages that have no written form. Furthermore, we all learn to talk well before we learn to write; any human child who is not severely handicapped physically or mentally will learn to talk: a normal human being cannot be prevented from doing so. On the other hand, it takes a special effort to learn to write. In the past many intelligent and useful members of society did not acquire the skill, and even today many who speak languages with writing systems never learn to read or write, while some who learn the rudiments of those skills do so only imperfectly. To affirm the primacy of speech over writing is not, however, to disparage the latter. One advantage writing has over speech is that it is more permanent and makes possible the records that any civilization must have. Thus, if speaking makes us human, writing makes us civilized Question 23: We sometimes think of writing as more real than speech because . writing is secondary to language human beings have been writing for at least 5000 years it has become very important in our culture people have been writing since there have been human beings Question 24: The author of the passage argues that . speech is more basic to language than writing writing has become too important in today’s society everyone who learns to speak must learn to write all languages should have a written form Question 25: According to the passage, writing _ . A. is represented perfectly by speech B. represents-speech, but not perfectly C. developed from imperfect speech D. is imperfect, but less so than speech Question 26: Normal human beings A. learn to talk after learning to write B. learn to write before learning to talk C. learn to write and to talk at the same time D. learn to talk before learning to write Question 27: Learning to write is . A. easy B. quick C. not easy D. very easy Question 28: In order to show that learning to write requires effort, the author gives the example of . people who learn the rudiments of speech severely handicapped children intelligent people who couldn’t write people who speak many languages Question 29: In the author’s judgment . writing has more advantages than speech writing is more real than speech speech conveys ideas less accurately than writing does speech is essential but writing has important benefits Question 30: The word “advantage” in the last paragraph most closely means A. “rudiments” B. “skill” C. “domination” D. “benefit” FAMILY LIFE IN THE UNITED STATES Family life in the United States is changing. Fifty or sixty years ago, the wife was called a “housewife”. She cleaned, cooked, and cared for the children. The husband earned the money for the family. He was usually out working all day. He came home tired in the evening, so he did not do much housework. And he did not see the children very much, except on weekends. These days, however, more and more women work outside the home. They cannot stay with the children all day. They, too, come home tired in the evening. They do not want to spend the evening cooking dinner and cleaning up. They do not have time to clean the house and do the laundry. So who is going to do the housework now? Who is going to take care of the children? Many families solve the problem of housework by sharing it. In these families, the husband and wife agree to do different jobs around the house, or they take turns doing each job. For example, the husband always cooks dinner and the wife always does the laundry. Or the wife cooks dinner on some nights and the husband cooks dinner on other nights. Then there is the question of the children. In the past, many families got help with child care from grandparents. Now families usually do not live near their relatives. The grandparents are often too far away to help in a regular way. More often, parents have to pay for child care help. Ihe help may be a babysitter or a day-care center. The problem with this kind of help is the high cost. It is possible only for couples with jobs that pay well. Parents may get another kind of help form the companies they work for. Many companies now let people with children work part-time. That way, parents can spend more time with their children. Some husbands may even stop working for a while to stay with the children. For these men there is a new word: they are called “househusbands”. In the USA more and more men are becoming househusbands every year. These changes in the home mean changes in the family. Fathers can learn to understand their children better, and the children can get to know their fathers better. Husbands and wives may also find changes in their marriage. They, too, may have a better understanding of each other. Question 31: Sixty years ago, most women . A. went out to work B. had no children C. did not do much housework D. were housewives Question 32: Nowadays, there are . more women going out to work than before. more and more women staying with the children all day. more work outside the home than before. more housewives than before. Question 33: The word “laundry” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to A. tidying up B. cooking and washing the dishes C. washing and ironing D. shopping Question 34: It can be inferred from paragraph 4 that . couples with low-paid jobs can’t afford the cost of a babysitter or a day-care center. grandparents can help care the children in a regular way. all couples with jobs can pay for help from a babysitter or a day-care center. in the past, grandparents did not help the couples with child care. Question 35: The word “they" in paragraph 5 refers to . husbands who stop working to stay with the children fathers who spend more time with their children parents who work part-time children who spend more time with fathers than mothers Question 36: The changes in the American home mentioned in this passage may . A. help families B. not happen C. cause problems for a marriage D. not change the children at all Question 37: This article is about . American men as househusbands housewives in America how more American women are working how family life in America is changing One of the most interesting authors of the twentieth century, J.R.R Tolkien, achieved fame through his highly inventive trilogy, The Lord of the Rings. Born in 1892, Tolkien received his education from Oxford and then served in World War I. After the war, he became a professor of Anglo -Saxon and English language and literature at Oxford University. Although published in 1965, the three books that comprise the Lord of the Rings were written in intervals from 1936 to 1949. This was mainly due to Tolkien’s responsibilities as a professor and the outbreak of World War II. By the late 1960s, this fascinating trilogy had become a sociological phenomenon as young people intently studied the mythology and legends created by Tolkien. The trilogy is remarkable not only for its highly developed account of historical fiction but also its success as a modern heroic epic. The main plot describes the struggle between good and evil kingdom as they try to acquire a magic ring that has the power to rule the world. The novels, which are set in a time called Middle Earth, describe a detailed fantasy world. Established before humans populated the Earth, Middle Earth was inhabited by good and evil creatures such as hobbits, elves, monsters, wizards, and some humans. The characters and the setting of Middle Earth were modeled after mythological stories from Greece and Northern Europe. Although readers have scrutinized the texts for inner meaning and have tried to connect the trilogy with Tolkien’s real life experiences in England during World War II, he denied the connection. He claims that the story began in his years as an undergraduate student and grew out of his desire to create mythology and legends about elves and their language. Tolkien was a masterful fantasy novelist who used his extensive knowledge of folklore to create a body of work that is still read and enjoyed throughout the world today Question 38: What can we assume is NOT true about Middle Earth? Middle Earth was based on European folktales Middle Earth was a fictional world The good and evil kingdom fought for the power People dominated Middle Earth Question 39: The word “scrutinized” in the fourth paragraph could be replaced by A. examined B. denied C. enjoyed D. criticized Question 40: What does this passage mainly discuss? A. B. C. D. Question 41: According to the passage, when did “the Lord of the Rings” trilogy become popular with young people? A. In the late 1960s B. After World War II C. In 1892 D. Between 1936 and 1946 Question 42: When did Tolkien begin to create this trilogy? A. When he was a student B. During World War I C. When he was a professor D. During World War II Question 43: What does the word “trilogy” in the first paragraph mean? A. A specific type of fantasy novel B. A long novel C. A group of three literary books D. An unrelated group of books Question 44: What is the setting of Tolkien’s trilogy? A. Modern - day Greece B. England in the 1800’s C. Oxford University D. Middle Earth Question 45: The word “fascinating” in the second paragraph could be replaced by A. thrilling B. extremely interesting C. boring D. terrifying Telecommuting is a form of computer communication between employees’ homes and offices. For employees whose job involve sitting at a terminal or word processor entering data or typing reports, the location of the computer is of no consequence. If the machine can communicate over telephone lines, when the work is completed, employees can dial the office computer and transmit the material to their employers. A recent survey in USA Today estimates that there are approximately 8,7 million telecommuters. But although the numbers are rising annually, the trend does not appear to be as significant as predicted when Business Week published “The Portable Executive” as its cover story a few years ago. Why hasn’t telecommuting become more popular? Clearly, change simply takes time. But in addition, there has been active resistance on the part of many managers. These executives claim that supervising the telecommuters in a large work force scattered across the country would be too difficult, or, at least, systems for managing them are not yet developed, thereby complicating the manager’s responsibilities. It is also true that employees who are given the option of telecommuting are reluctant to accept the opportunity. Most people feel that they need regular interaction with a group, and many are concerned that they will not have the same consideration for advancement if they are not more visible in the office setting. Some people feel that even when a space in their homes is set aside as a work area, they never really get away from the office. Question 46: With which of the following topics is the passage primarily concerned? A. An overview of telecommuting. B. The failure of telecommuting. C. The advantages of telecommuting. D. A definition of telecommuting. Question 47: How many Americans are involved in telecommuting? A. More than predicted in Business Week. B. More than 8 million. C. Fewer than last year. D. Fewer than last year. Question 48 The phrase “of no consequence” means A. of no use B. irrelevant C. of no good D. unimportant Question 49: The author mentions all of the following as concerns of telecommuting, EXCEPT . A. the opportunities for advancement. B. the different system of supervision. C. the lack of interaction. D. the work place is in the home. Question 50: The word “them” in the second paragraph refers to A. telecommuters B. systems C. executives D. responsibilities Question 51: The reason why telecommuting has not become popular is that the employees need regular interaction with their families. arc worried about the promotion if they are not seen at the office. feel that a work area in their home is away from the office. are ignorant of telecommuting. Question 52: The word “reluctant” in the third paragraph can best be replaced by A. opposite B. willing C. hesitant D. typical It is said that George Washington was one of the first to realize how important tire building of canals would be to the nation’s development. In fact, before he became the President, he headed the first company in the United States to build a canal, which was to connect the Ohio and Potomac rivers. It was never completed, but it showed the nation the feasibility of canals. As the country expanded westward, settlers in western New York, Pennsylvania, and Ohio needed a means to ship goods. Canals linking natural waterways seemed to supply an effective method. In 1791, engineers commissioned by the state of New York investigated the possibility of a canal between Albany on the Hudson River and Buffalo on Lake Eric to link the Great Lakes area with the Atlantic seacoast. It would avoid the mountains that served as a barrier to canals from the Delaware and Potomac rivers. The first attempt to dig the canal, to be called the Eric Canal, was made by private companies but only a comparatively small portion was built before the project was halted for lack of funds. The cost of the prospect was estimated $5 million, an enormous amount for those days. There was some on-again-off-again federal funding, but this time the War of 1812 put an end to construction. In 1817, DeWitt Clinton was elected Governor of New York and persuaded the state to finance and build the canal. It was completed in 1825, costing S2 million more than expected. The canal rapidly lived up to its sponsors’ faith, quickly paying for itself through tolls. It was far more economical than any other form of transportation at the time. It permitted trade between the Great Lake region and the East coast, robbing the Mississippi River of much of its traffic. It allowed New York to supplant Boston, Philadelphia, and other eastern cities as the chief center of both domestic and foreign commerce. Cities sprang up along the canal. It also contributed in a number of ways to the Norths victory over the South in the Civil War. An expansion of the canal was planned in 1849. Increased traffic would undoubtedly have warranted its construction had it not been for the railroads. Question 53: The word “feasibility” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to A. possibility B. capability C. difficulty D. profitability Question 54: According to the passage, the Eric Canal connected the A. Delaware and Potomac Rivers B. Hudson River and Lake Eric C. Atlantic Ocean and the Hudson River D. Potomac and Ohio Rivers Question 55: The completion of the Eric Canal was financed by _ A. private company B. B. DeWitt Clinton C. the federal government D. New York Question 56: The actual cost of building the Eric Canal was A. $5 million B. less than had been expected C. $7 million D. more than could be repaid Question 57: The word “tolls” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to whi