Bài tập trắc nghiệm Tiếng Anh theo chuyên đề tách từ đề thi thử THPTQG năm 2019 - Chuyên đề: Đọc hiểu - Đề 22 (Có đáp án)

BÀI TẬP ĐỌC HIỂU EXERCISE 1: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Many scientists believe our love of sugar may actually be an addiction. When we eat or drink sugary foods, the sugar enters our blood and affects parts of our brain that make us feel good. Then the good feeling goes away, leaving us wanting more. All tasty foods do this, but sugar has a particularly strong effect. In this way, it is in fact an addictive drug, one that doctors recommend we all cut down on. "It seems like every time I study an illness and trace a path to the first cause, I find my way back to sugar," says scientist Richard Johnson. One- third of adults worldwide have high blood pressure, and up to 347 million have diabetes. Why? "Sugar, we believe, is one of the culprits, if not the major culprit," says Johnson. Our bodies are designed to survive on very little sugar. Early humans often had very little food, so our bodies learned to be very efficient in storing sugar as fat. In this way, we had energy stored for when there was no food. But today, most people have more than enough. So the very thing that once saved us may now be killing us. So what is the solution? It's obvious that we need to eat less sugar. The trouble is, in today's world, it's extremely difficult to avoid. From breakfast cereals to after-dinner desserts, our foods are increasingly filled with it. Some manufacturers even use sugar to replace taste in foods that are advertised as low in fat. But there are those who are fighting back against sugar. Many schools are replacing sugary desserts with healthier options like fruit. Other schools are growing their own food in gardens, or building facilities like walking tracks so students and others in the community can exercise. The battle has not yet been lost. Question 1: What is this passage mainly about? A. Our addiction to sugar B. Illnesses caused by sugar C. Good sugar versus bad sugar D. Ways to avoid sugar Question 2: The word "culprit" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to . A. disease B. unknown thing C. sweet food D. cause of the problem Question 3: What does the phrase "the very thing" in paragraph 3 refer to? A. the amount of sugar in our food B. having enough food to survive C. our ability to store sugar as fat D. early humans' lack of food Question 4: According to the passage, why is it so hard to avoid sugar? A. We like candy too much. B. It gives us needed energy. C. It's in so many foods and drinks. D. We get used to eating it at school. Question 5: Which of the following statements about sugar is NOT true? A. Sugar makes us feel good. B. Our bodies store sugar as fat. C. We need very little to survive. D. Only adults need to stop eating sugar. Exercise 2:Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Clara Barton became known as "The Angel of the Battlefield" during the American Civil War. Born in Oxford, Massachusetts in 1821, Clara Barton's interest in helping soldiers on the battlefield began when she was told army stories from her father. Another event that influenced her decision to help soldiers was an accident her brother had. His injuries were cared for by Barton for 2 years. At the time, she was only Il years old. Barton began teaching school at the age of 15. She taught for 18 years before she moved to Washington, D.C. in 1854. The civil war broke out 6 years later. Immediately, Barton started war service by helping the soldiers with their needs. At the battle of Bull Run, Clara Barton received permission from the government to take care of the sick and hurt. Barton did this with great empathy and kindness. She acknowledged each soldier as a person. Her endurance and courage on the battlefield were admired by many. When the war ended in 1865, she used 4 years of her life to assist the government in searching for soldiers who were missing during the war. The search for missing soldiers and years of hard work made her feeble physically. In 1869, her doctors recommended a trip to Europe for a rest. While she was on vacation, she became involved with the International Red Cross, an organization set up by the Geneva Convention in 1864. Clara Barton realized that the Red Cross would be a big help to the United States. After she returned to the United States, she worked very hard to create an American Red Cross. She talked to government leaders and let American people know about the Red Cross. In 1881, the National Society of the Red Cross was finally established with its headquarters in Washington, D.C. Clara Barton managed its activities for 23 years. Barton never let her age stop her from helping people. At the age of 79, she helped flood victims in Galveston, Texas. Barton finally resigned from the Red Cross in 1904. She was 92 years old and had truly earned her title "The Angel of the Battlefield". Question 6: What is the main idea of the passage? Clara Barton helped wounded soldiers and she was the founder of the Red Cross. Clara Barton was a kind and strong woman who helped people in need. Clara Barton became a nurse during the American Civil War. Clara Barton worked for disaster victims until she was old. Question 7: According to paragraph 1, which of the following is true of the young Clara Barton? She helped her father when he was a soldier. She suffered from an accident when she was 11. She helped her brother who was hurt in an accident. She made a decision to live with her brother for 2 years. Question 8: The word “this” in paragraph 2 refers to . A. recognized each soldier as a person B. cooked for soldiers C. took care of the sick and hurt D. received permission Question 9: The word “broke out” in paragraph 2 could best be replaced by A. extended B. broke down C. closed D. began Question 10: The word “acknowledged” in paragraph 2 could best be replaced by A. nursed B. recognized C. pleaded D. believed Question 11: What can be inferred about the government? It did not always agree with Clara Barton. It did not have the money to help Clara Barton. It showed Clara Barton great empathy and kindness. It had respect for Clara Barton. Question 12: Which of the sentences best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence? Incorrect answer choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information. She asked the government to help her look for soldiers who participated in the war. She spent 4 years helping the government look for missing soldiers. Many soldiers were missing when the government's war ended in 1865. The war did not end until the government helped Clara Barton find some soldiers who were missing. Question 13: What does the author mention about the American Red Cross? It was disapproved again and again by the Geneva Convention. Barton tried to have it set up in America. The American people were not interested in the Red Cross. It was first established in the United States. (ĐỀ LUYỆN THI THPT QG – CÔ HOÀNG XUÂN – ĐỀ 1) Exercise 3: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Neil Armstrong started flying at an early age. He became interested in airplanes at the age of 2. At 15, he took flying lessons. He got a license to fly at 16. He learned how to fly before he learned how to drive a car. At university, he studied aeronautical engineering. This is the study of designing and making aircraft. After Armstrong became an astronaut in 1962, he was trained for 4 years for the Apollo program. The Apollo mission was to put a man on the moon in ten years. On July 16, 1969, the Apollo 11 landed on the moon. Because Armstrong was the leader, he became the first man to step on the moon. He said, "This is one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind." He and his fellow astronaut, Buzz Aldrin, walked on the moon for two and a half hours. They collected rocks and did some experiments. Question 14: What is the main idea of the passage? A. The Apollo mission to the moon B. Why Neil Armstrong became an astronaut C. Neil Armstrong, the first man on the moon D. The aeronautic education of Neil Armstrong Question 15: The word “license” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to . A. skill B. desire C. education D. permission Question 16: The word “This” in paragraph 1 refers to . A. license to fly B. aeronautical engineering C. flying lessons D. aircraft Question 17: According to paragraph 2, which of the following is true about Armstrong's training as an astronaut? Its purpose was to have him step on the moon. Its aim was to make Neil Armstrong a leader. It helped Neil Armstrong design the Apollo spacecraft. It made Neil Armstrong an astronaut in 1962. Question 18: The author's main purpose in paragraph 2 is . to explain the objectives of the Apollo 11 mission to compare Apollo 11 and late flights to the moon to tell about Armstrong and the success of Apollo 11 's mission to reveal what Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin did on the moon (ĐỀ LUYỆN THI THPT QG – CÔ HOÀNG XUÂN – ĐỀ 2) Exercise 4:Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Aging is the process of growing old. It occurs eventually in every living thing provided, of course, that an illness or accident does not kill it prematurely. The most familiar outward signs of aging may be seen in old people, such as the graying of the hair and the wrinkling of the skin. Signs of aging in a pet dog or cat include loss of playfulness and energy, a decline in hearing and eyesight, or even a slight graying of the coat. Plants age too, but the signs are much harder to detect. Most body parts grow bigger and stronger, and function more efficiently during childhood. They reach their peak at the time of maturity, or early adulthood. After that, they begin to decline. Bones, for example, gradually become lighter and more brittle. In the aged, the joints between the bones also become rigid and more inflexible. This can make moving very painful. All the major organs of the body show signs of aging. The brain, for example, works less efficiently, and even gets smaller in size. Thinking processes of all sorts are slowed down. Old people often have trouble in remembering recent events. One of the most serious changes of old age occurs in the arteries, the blood vessels that lead from the heart. They become thickened and constricted, allowing less blood to flow to the rest of body. This condition accounts, directly or indirectly, for many of the diseases of the aged. It may, for example, result in heart attack. Aging is not a uniform process. Different parts of the body wear out at different rates. There are great differences among people in their rate of aging. Even the cells of the body differ in the way they age. The majority of cells are capable of reproducing themselves many times during the course of a lifetime. Nerve cells and muscle fibers can never be replaced once they wear out. Gerontologists - scientists who study the process of aging-believe this wearing out of the body is controlled by a built-in biological time-clock. They are trying to discover how this clock works so that they can slow down the process. This could give man a longer life and a great number of productive years. Question 19: What is the main idea of the first paragraph? Signs of aging are easier to detect in animals than in plants. Aging occurs in every living thing after it has reached maturity. Not all signs of aging are visible. The outward signs of aging may be seen in old people. Question 20: What does the word “it” in paragraph 1 refer to? A. aging B. a living thing C. an illness D. an accident Question 21: When does the human body begin to lose vigor and the ability to function efficiently? A. Soon after reaching adulthood B. During childhood C. Early adulthood D. In old age Question 22: What happens to memorization when the brain begins to age? A. It works less. B. It becomes forgetful. C. It declines. D. It slows down. Question 23: The word “brittle” in paragraph 2 means . A. soft and easily bent B. hard and endurable C. hard but easily broken D. rigid and inflexible Question 24: According to the passage, what condition is responsible for many of the diseases of the old? The arteries have become thickened and constricted. The blood vessels lead from the heart. The brain gets smaller in size. Bones become lighter and brittle. Question 25: According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true? All living things grow old. Aging is unavoidable in any living things. Plants show less signs of aging than any other living things. Most body parts wear out during the course of a lifetime. Question 26: What is the main idea of the last paragraph? Gerontologists have controlled the process of aging. Gerontologists are working hard to help people live longer and more healthily. Gerontologists are trying to give people an eternal life. Gerontologists are now able to slow down the process of aging. (ĐỀ LUYỆN THI THPT QG – CÔ HOÀNG XUÂN – ĐỀ 2) Exercise 5: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Some people think that a spider is an insect, but it is an arachnid. Arachnids have two main body parts and eight walking legs while insects have three main body parts and six legs. Many insects can fly, but spiders cannot fly. There are many different kinds of spiders around the world. They come in different colors, such as black, brown, white, yellow, and orange. Spiders usually live for one year but a spider called the Tarantula lives as long as 20 years. Some spiders are very small but some are so large they can fit a dinner plate. The most unusual thing is that a spider can spin a web. Spiders have silk in their stomach and they use the silk to make a web. The web is the spider's home. But the spider does not stick to its own web because its legs have oil them. It is very strong and sticky. The web is used to catch insects. When an insect is trapped on a spider's web, the spider wraps the insect in silk. It eats the insect at a later time. However, the spider does not really eat it. Since it has no teeth, it puts venom in the insect to make it a liquid. Question 27: What is the main topic of the passage? A. Facts about spiders B. The parts of a spider's body C. How a spider makes its home D. The eating habits of spiders Question 28: Why does the author mention a dinner plate in paragraph 2? A. To suggest that spiders can be eaten B. To show a way to measure spider size C. To give an example how big some spiders are D. To point out that the larger spiders are safe Question 29: The word “it” in paragraph 3 refers to . A. a spider B. the web C. their stomach D. an insect Question 30: The word “wraps” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to . A. folds B. binds C. drinks D. bites Question 31: All of the following are true EXCEPT that . spiders have a different body structure from that of insects. spiders have various colors and mostly live for a year. special spiders can spin a web and catch insects by it. spiders use poisons to make their food into a liquid. (ĐỀ LUYỆN THI THPT QG – CÔ HOÀNG XUÂN – ĐỀ 3) Exercise 6:Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Plants and animals will find it difficult to escape from or adjust to the effects of global warming. Scientists have already observed shifts in the lifecycles of many plants and animals, such as flowers blooming earlier and birds hatching earlier in the spring. Many species have begun shifting where they live or their annual migration patterns due to warmer temperatures. With further warming, animals will tend to migrate toward the poles and up mountainsides toward higher elevations. Plants will also attempt to shift their ranges, seeking new areas as old habitats grow too warm. In many places, however, human development will prevent these shifts. Species that find cities or farmland blocking their way north or south may become extinct. Species living in unique ecosystems, such as those found in polar and mountaintop regions, are especially at risk because migration to new habitats is not possible. For example, polar bears and marine mammals in the Arctic are already threatened by dwindling sea ice but have nowhere farther north to go. Projecting species extinction due to global warming is extremely difficult. Some scientists have estimated that 20 to 50 percent of species could be committed to extinction with 2 to 3 Celsius degrees of further warming. The rate of warming, not just the magnitude, is extremely important for plants and animals. Some species and even entire ecosystems, such as certain types of forest, may not be able to adjust quickly enough and may disappear. Ocean ecosystems, especially fragile ones like coral reefs, will also be affected by global warming. Warmer ocean temperatures can cause coral to “bleach”, a state which if prolonged will lead to the death of the coral. Scientists estimate that even 1 Celsius degree of additional warming could lead to widespread bleaching and death of coral reefs around the world. Also, increasing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere enters the ocean and increases the acidity of ocean waters. This acidification further stresses ocean ecosystems. Question 32: Scientists have observed that warmer temperatures in the spring cause flowers to . A. die instantly B. bloom earlier C. become lighter D. lose color Question 33: According to paragraph 2, when their habitats grow warmer, animals tend to move . south-eastwards and down mountainsides toward lower elevations north-westwards and up mountainsides toward higher elevations toward the North Pole and down mountainsides toward lower elevations toward the poles and up mountainsides toward higher elevations Question 34: The pronoun “those” in paragraph 2 refers to . A. species B. ecosystems C. habitats D. areas Question 35: It is mentioned in the passage that if the global temperature rose by 2 or 3 Celsius degrees, . A. half of the earth’s surface would be flooded B. the sea level would rise by 20 centimeters C. water supply would decrease by 50 percent D. 20 to 50 percent of species could become extinct Question 36: According to the passage, if some species are not able to adjust quickly to warmer temperatures, . A. they may be endangered B. they can begin to develop C. they will certainly need water D. they move to tropical forests Question 37: The word “fragile” in paragraph 4 most probably means . A. very large B. easily damaged C. rather strong D. pretty hard Question 38: The bleaching of coral reefs as mentioned in paragraph 4 indicates . A. the water absorption of coral reefs B. the quick growth of marine mammals C. the blooming phase of sea weeds D. the slow death of coral reefs Question 39: What does the passage mainly discuss? Influence of climate changes on human lifestyles Effects of global warming on animals and plants Global warming and possible solutions Global warming and species migration (ĐỀ LUYỆN THI THPT QG – CÔ HOÀNG XUÂN – ĐỀ 3) Exercise 7: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. It's often said that we learn things at the wrong time. University students frequently do the minimum of work because they're crazy about a good social life instead. Children often scream before their piano practice because it's so boring. They have to be given gold stars and medals to be persuaded to swim, or have to be bribed to take exams. But the story is different when you're older. Over the years, I've done my share of adult learning. At 30, I went to a college and did courses in History and English. It was an amazing experience. For starters, I was paying, so there was no reason to be late — I was the one frowning and drumming my fingers if the tutor was late, not the other way round. Indeed, if I could persuade him to linger for an extra five minutes, it was a bonus, not a nuisance. I wasn't frightened to ask questions, and homework was a pleasure not a pain. When I passed an exam, I had passed it for me and me alone, not for my parents or my teachers. The satisfaction I got was entirely personal. Some people fear going back to school because they worry that their brains have got rusty. But the joy is that, although some parts have rusted up, your brain has learnt all kinds of other things since you were young. It has learnt to think independently and flexibly and is much better at relating one thing to another. What you lose in the rust department, you gain in the maturity department. In some ways, age is a positive plus. For instance, when you're older, you get less frustrated. Experience has told you that, if you're calm and simply do something carefully again and again, eventually you'll get the hang of it. The confidence you have in other areas — from being able to drive a car, perhaps — means that if you can't, say, build a chair instantly, you don't, like a child, want to destroy your first pathetic attempts. Maturity tells you that you will, with application, eventually get there. I hated piano lessons at school, but I was good at music. And coming back to it, with a teacher who could explain why certain exercises were useful and with musical concepts that, at the age of ten, I could never grasp, was magical. Initially, I did feel a bit strange, thumping out a piece that I'd played for my school exams, with just as little comprehension of what the composer intended as I'd had all those years before. But soon, complex emotions that I never knew poured out from my fingers, and suddenly I could understand why practice makes perfect. Question 40 It is implied in paragraph 1 that . parents should encourage young learners to study more young learners are usually lazy in their class young learners often lack a good motivation for learning teachers should give young learners less homework Question 41: While doing some adult learning courses at a college, the writer was surprised . A. to get on better with the tutor B. to feel learning more enjoyable C. to have more time to learn D. to be able to learn more quickly Question 42: The phrase "get there" in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to . A. arrive at an intended place with difficulty B. achieve your aim with hard work C. have the things you have long desired D. receive a school or college degree Question 43: The word "It" in paragraph 3 refers to . A. The brain B. The joy C. A thing D. The school Question 44: What is the writer's main purpose in the passage? A. To encourage adult learning. B. To describe adult learning methods. C. To show how fast adult learning is. D. To explain reasons for learning. (ĐỀ LUYỆN THI THPT QG – CÔ HOÀNG XUÂN – ĐỀ 4) Exercise 8:Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Humans have struggled against weeds since the beginnings of agriculture. Marring our gardens is one of the milder effects of weeds - any plants that thrive where they are unwanted. They clog waterways, destroy wildlife habitats, and impede farming. Their spread eliminates grazing areas and accounts for one-third of all crop loss. They compete for sunlight, nutrients, and water with useful plants. The global need for weed control had been answered mainly by the chemical industry. Its herbicides are effective and sometimes necessary, but some pose serious problems, particularly if misused. Toxic compounds threaten animal and public health when they accumulate in food plants, groundwater, and drinking water. They also harm workers who apply them. In recent years, the chemical industry has introduced several herbicides that are more ecologically sound. Yet new chemicals alone cannot solve the world's weed problems. Hence, scientists are exploring the innate weed-killing powers of living organisms, primarily insects and microorganisms. The biological agents now in use are environmentally benign and are harmless to humans. They can be chosen for their ability to attack selected targets and leave crops and other plants untouched. In contrast, some of the most effective chemicals kill virtually all the plants they come in contact with, sparing only those that are naturally resistant or have been genetically modified for resistance. Furthermore, a number of biological agents can be administered onl