Bài tập trắc nghiệm Tiếng Anh theo chuyên đề tách từ đề thi thử THPTQG năm 2019 - Chuyên đề: Đọc hiểu - Đề 20 (Có đáp án)

BÀI TẬP ĐỌC HIỂU EXERCISE 1: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. REALITY TELEVISION Reality television is genre of television programming which, (it is claimed), presents unscripted dramatic or humorous situation, documents actual events, and features ordinary rather than professional actors. It could be described as a form of artificial or “heightened” documentary. Although the genre has existed in some form or another since the early years of television, the current explosion of popularity dates from around 2000. Reality television covers a wide range of television programming formats, from game or quiz shows which resemble the frantic, often demeaning programmes produced in Japan in the 1980s and 1990s (a modem example is Gaki no Tsukai), to surveillance- or voyeurism- focused productions such as Big Brother. Critics say that the term “reality television” is somewhat of a misnomer and that such shows frequently portray a modifies and highly influenced form of reality, with participants put in exotic location or abnormal situations, sometimes coached to act in certain ways by off-screen handlers, and with events on screen manipulated through editing and other post-production techniques. Part of reality television’s appeal is due to its ability to place ordinary people in extraordinary situations. For example, on the ABC show, The Bachelor, an eligible male dates a dozen women simultaneously, traveling on extraordinary dates to scenic locales. Reality television also has the potential to turn its participants into national celebrities, outwardly in talent and performance programs such as Pop Idol, though frequently Survivor and Big Brother participants also reach some degree of celebrity. Some commentators have said that the name “reality television” is an inaccurate description for several styles of program included in the genre. In competition- based programs such as Big Brother and Survivor, and other special-living-environment shows like The Real World, the producers design the format of the show and control the day-to-day activities and the environment, creating a completely fabricated world in which the competition plays out. Producers specifically select the participants, and use carefully designed scenarios, challenges, events, and settings to encourage particular behaviours and conflicts. Mark Burnett, creator of Survivor and other reality shows, has agreed with this assessment, and avoids the word “reality” to describe his shows; he has said, “I tell good stories. It really is not reality TV. It really is unscripted drama.” Question 1. The word “demeaning” is closest in meaning to .................. A. despising B. diminishing C. valueless D. humiliating Question 2. According to the passage, Reality TV appeals to some because ................... it uses exotic locations it shows eligible men dating women it can um ordinary people into celebrities it shows average people in exceptional circumstances Question 3. According to the passage, the program “Pop Idol” ................... turns all participants into celebrities is more likely to turn its participants into celebrities that Big Brother is less likely to turn participants into celebrities than Big Brother is a dating show Question 4. Producers choose the participants .................. to make an imaginary world on the ground of talent to create conflict among other things only for special-living-environment shows Question 5. The term “reality television” is inaccurate .................. for talent and performance programs for special-living-environment program for all programs for Big Brother and Survivor Question 6. The word “fabricated” is closest in meaning to ................... A. imaginary B. real C. imaginative D. isolated Question 7. Which of the following in NOT true according to the passage? Shows like Survivor have good narratives. Mark Burnett thinks the term “reality television” is inaccurate. Japan has produced demeaning TV shows copied elsewhere. Reality television has been popular since well before 2000. (ĐỀ THI THỬ SỐ 1 – THẦY BÙI VĂN VINH) EXERCISE 2: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Theresa May, the second female Britain’s prime minister following Margaret Thatcher, revealed in 2013 that she had been given a diagnosis of Type 1 diabetes, a condition that requires daily insulin injections. Asked later how she felt about the diagnosis, she said her approach to it was the same as toward everything in her life: “Just get on and deal with it.” That kind of steeliness brought her to center stage in the aftermath of Britain’s vote to leave the European Union and the feuding that erupted in the Conservative Party over who would succeed David Cameron. Ms” May, 59 years old, is the country’s longest-serving home secretary in half a century, with a reputation for seriousness, hard work and above all, determination. She is one of a growing number of women in traditionally male-dominated British politics rising to the upper position of leadership. Bom in 1956, Ms. May grew up mainly in Oxford shire, an only child who was first drawn to the Conservative Party at age 12. As a conscientious student, she never rebelled against her religious upbringing and remains a regular churchgoer. Tellingly, her sports hero was Geoffrey Boycott, a solid, stubborn cricketer who specialized in playing the long game. Like many other Britain’s prime minister including Tony Blair, Sir Robert Peel and Margaret Thatcher, she won a place at Oxford. But while almost every other political leader got there by way of Eton College and joined Oxford’s hedonistic Bullingdon Club, she attended a state secondary school and had a more sedate university career. After unsuccessful attempts to be elected to the House of Commons in 1992 and 1994, she finally became an MP in 1997 general election. May is known for a love of fashion and in particular distinctive shoes. She even wore leopard-print shoes to her final Cabinet meeting as Home Secretary in early 2016. However, she has been quite critical of the media focusing on her fashion instead of her achievement as a politician. May also describes cooking and walking as primary hobbies, and if someone is raising questions about why walking can be classified as a hobby, she elaborates in a column for Balance magazine, in which she wrote of her battle with diabetes. Question 8. According to the passage, who is the prime minister coming before Theresa May? A. Tony Blair B. Margaret Thatcher C. Sir Robert Peel D. David Cameron Question 9. The most prominent characteristic of Theresa May is ................... A. stubbornness B. seriousness C. determination D. hard work Question 10. Which of the following statements is NOT true? British political life is conventionally controlled mainly by men. The number of women in politics is increasing. Conservative Party didn’t have to discuss about who would be the next prime minister. Theresa May’s toughness was one of the reasons for the Party to choose her for the prime minister position. Question 11. Which of the following facts is TRUE about Theresa May? She graduated from Eon College. As a child, she was quite rebellious. She didn’t work part time as a university student. She used not to be a home secretary. Question 12. She first became a member of parliament in .................. A. 1992 B. 1994 C. 1997 D. 2013 Question 13. Her reason to consider walking as one of her main hobbies is .................. A. she is quite critical B. it helps her fight diabete C. someone asks about it D. it is written on Balance magazine Question 14. The word “approach” is closest in meaning to .................. A. means B. advance C. technique D. trick Question 15. The word “hedonistic” is closest in meaning to .................. A. ordinary B. luxurious C. economical D. simple (ĐỀ THI THỬ SỐ 1 – THẦY BÙI VĂN VINH) EXERCISE 3: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. GREEN CARS Many of the world’s cities lie under a permanent blanket of smog. People are concerned about global warming, and fuel prices just keep going up and up. It’s no surprise therefore, that in recent years, car manufacturers have been put under pressure to invent a vehicle that is both cheaper to run and better for the environment. Finally, after much trial and error, it seems as though they might be making progress, and the future of the car industry is beginning to look a little “greener”. One of the first ideas which car manufacturers tried was to replace engines which run on fossil fuels with electric motors. Unfortunately, these vehicles had several drawbacks and they didn’t sell very well. The problems were that the batteries of these electric cars ran out very quickly and took a long time to recharge. Also, the replacement energy parts were very expensive. However, the idea of electric cars has not been scrapped altogether. Car manufacturers have improved the concept so that environmentally friendly cars can now be efficient and economical as well. This is where the hybrid car, which has both an electric motor and a traditional petrol engine, comes in. The electric motor never needs to be recharged and it is much better for the planet than a traditional car. In a hybrid car, the engine is controlled by a computer which determines whether the car runs on petrol, electricity, or both. When the car needs maximum power, for example, if it is accelerating or climbing a steep hill, it uses all of its resources, whereas at steady speeds it runs only on petrol. When slowing down or braking, the electric motor recharges its batteries. Hybrid cars are better for the environment because the electric motor can help out whenever it is needed and they have a much smaller engine than a traditional car. Also, hybrid cars on the market are made using materials such as aluminium and carbon fibre, which makes them extremely light. Both of these factors mean that they use far less petrol than normal cars, so they produce less pollution. Of course, hybrid cars aren’t perfect; they still run on fossil fuel and so pollute the environment to some extent. However, they may be the first step along the road to cleaner, “greener” cars. Car manufacturers are already working on vehicles which run on hydrogen. The only emission from these cars is harmless water vapor. These are still some way in the future, though, as designers need to think of cheap and safe ways of producing, transporting and storing hydrogen, but at last, it looks like we might be heading in the right direction. Question 16. Car manufacturers are trying to invent a new vehicle because . today’s cars use too much fuel today’s cars produce too much poisonous gas the car industry is in trouble it is difficult to drive in cities Question 17. The word “drawbacks” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to “ ”. A. benefits B. imperfections C. withdrawings D. virtue Question 18. Vehicles which ran on electric motors . A. were not very popular B. were made of pieces of scrap C. moved very fast D. had to have their engines replaced. Question 19. The electric motor in hybrid cars . A. needs replacement energy packs B. has its own petrol engine C. takes a long time to be recharged D. doesn’t need to recharge its batteries Question 20. The phrase “comes in” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to “ ”. A. moves towards the land B. becomes available at a particular time C. joins the inventors in a project D. finishes a race in particular time Question 21. The computer in a hybrid car . helps the car to go up hills keeps the car running at a steady speed powers the engine decides how the car should be powered at any given time Question 22. Hybrid cars are better for the planet because . they produce less harmful gases they are made of special materials they use different fuel to normal cars the electric motor is smaller than a normal engine (ĐỀ THI THỬ SỐ 2 – THẦY BÙI VĂN VINH) EXERCISE 4: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. In young language learners, there is a critical period of time beyond which it becomes increasingly difficult to acquire a language. Children generally attain proficiency in their first language by the age of five and continue in a state of relative linguistic plasticity until puberty. [A] Neurolinguistic research has singled out the lateralization of the brain as the reason for this dramatic change from fluidity to rigidity in language function. Lateralization is the process by which the brain hemispheres become dominant for different tasks. The right hemisphere of the brain controls emotions and social functions, whereas the left hemisphere regulates the control of analytical functions, intelligence, and logic. [B] For the majority of adults, language functions are dominant on the left side of the brain. [C] Numerous studies have demonstrated that it is nearly impossible to attain a nativelike accent in a second language, though some adults have overcome the odds, after lateralization is complete. [D] Cognitive development also affects language acquisition, but in this case adult learners may have some advantages over child learners. Small children tend to have a very concrete, here- and-now view of the world around them, but at puberty, about the time that lateralization is complete, people become capable of abstract thinking, which is particularly useful for language. Generally speaking, adults can profit from grammatical explanations, whereas children cannot. This is evidenced by the fact that children are rather unreceptive to correction of grammatical features and instead tend to focus on the meaning of an utterance rather than its form. However, language learning theory suggests that for both adults and children, optimal language acquisition occurs in a meaning centered context. Though children have the edge over adult language learners with respect to attaining a nativelike pronunciation, adults clearly have an intellectual advantage which greatly facilitates language learning. Question 23: Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? The Role of Language in the Psychological Development of Children. The Function of Lateralization in Mediating Language Acquisition. Factors in Adult and Child Language Acquisition. The Superiority of Adults to Children in the Task of Language Acquisition. Question 24: The word “critical” could best be replaced by . A. judgmental B. particular C. crucial D. negative Question 25: Choose one of the four letters in square brackets [ ] to indicate where the following sentence would best fit in paragraph 1. Although this is the general tendency, a significant minority of the adult population (15 percent) exhibits right-brain language dominance. A. [A] B. [B] C. [C] D. [D] Question 26: It can be inferred from the passage that before lateralization occurs . plasticity is lacking in language function the left hemisphere is not yet dominant in language function It is impossible to attain a native accent in a language emotions are controlled by the left hemisphere of the brain Question 27: According to the passage, which of the following is NOT controlled by the left hemisphere of the brain? Rational capability B. The ability to analyze Intellectual capacity D. Emotional states Question 28: What is stated in the passage about the achievement of an accent like a native’s by an adult? It may happen that an adult is able to achieve such an accent. Achieving such an accent is completely impossible. It is common for adult language learners to acquire such as accent. The achievement of such an accent is the norm among adult language learners. Question 29: The word “its” refers to . A. correction B. utterance C. meaning D. fact Question 30: The word “unreceptive” is closest in meaning to . A. indifferent B. refusing to receive C. unable to D. insensitive (ĐỀ THI THỬ SỐ 2 – THẦY BÙI VĂN VINH) EXERCISE 5: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions Weather forecasting Cyclones in India, hurricanes in the Caribbean - severe weather events make news headlines almost weekly. Yet even in Britain, which has comparatively few climate extremes, the country is still governed by weather. If it’s pouring with rain the British might stay indoors or go to the cinema; if it’s fine they’ll have a picnic. Most people nervously study the weather forecast the evening before if they’ve got an important appointment the following day. Even if they have nothing planned, the weather often affects their mood. For individuals, the worst that can usually happen if the weather catches them on the hop is that they get wet. For business, the effects are far more serious. Airlines and shipping companies need to avoid severe weather and storm-force conditions. Power companies need to make sure they can supply the demand for electricity in cold weather; farmers plan their harvests around the forecast and food manufacturers increase their production of salads and other summer foods when fine weather is promised. So who or what do meteorologists - weather forecasters as they are more commonly known - rely on when it comes to producing a forecast? Ninety percent of the information comes from weather satellites, the first of which was launched into space nearly forty years ago and was a minor revolution in the science of forecasting. Up until then, forecasters had relied on human observers to provide details of developing weather systems. As a result, many parts of the world where there were few humans around, especially the oceans, were information-free weather areas. Today, however, satellites can watch weather patterns developing everywhere. In the UK meteorologists have also relied on releasing four weather balloons a day from eight fixed sites. These balloons measure wind, temperature and humidity as they rise upwards to a height of about 26,000 metres. Some commercial aircraft can also be fitted with a range of forecasting instruments although this system has certain disadvantages. For example, it can provide a great deal of information about the weather on popular routes, such as London to New York, but little about the weather on more out-of-the way routes. Instruments aboard ships can also supply basic weather information as well as important data on wave height. Generally, the range of these instruments is fairly limited but they can indicate which direction rain is coming from, how low the cloud is and give an idea of when the weather system will reach land. One forecaster who has made a name for himself is a man called Piers Corbyn, who bases his forecasts on watching the Sun. Most forecasters will offer forecasts for only 10 days ahead, but Corbyn’s forecasts are for 11 months. Although most meteorologists believe that there is no scientific basis for his work, Corbyn’s forecasts are used by insurance companies who want to plan months in advance. Question 31: The weather system affects people’s lives in Britain . A. despite being fairly moderate. B. because it is so changeable. C. because it is always raining. D. despite being very seasonal. Question 32: What does the writer mean by the phrase “catches them on the hop” in paragraph 3? A. People run for shelter. B. People are too busy to notice. C. People are far from home. D. people are unprepared. Question 33: Why does the writer list so many different businesses in paragraph 3? to give examples of ordinary people’s lives to show the extent of the weather’s influence to describe the recent effects of the bad weather to explain how people manage in bad weather Question 34: Why is the first weather satellite described as a “minor revolution” in paragraph 4? A. It watches the human observers. B. It replaced human observers. C. It provided extra forecasts. D. It forecast the weather in space. Question 35: Using airplanes to help forecast the weather is . A. very popular. B. not expensive. C. quite new. D. not ideal. Question 36: What does ‘it’ in paragraph 6 refer to? A. using balloons B. using satellites C. using aircraft D. using ships Question 37: Corbyn’s forecasts using the Sun are considered . A. useless and unscientific B. helpful but short-term C. unhelpful in the long-term D. useful by some people (ĐỀ THI THỬ SỐ 3 – THẦY BÙI VĂN VINH) EXERCISE 6: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. You might be surprised to know that bicycles have existed for less than two hundred years. Though the earliest comes from a sketch said to be from 1534 and attributed to Gian Giacomo, there are several early but unverified claims for the invention of the modem bicycle. No one is sure who invented this popular two- wheeled machine, but it was probably either the German Karl von Drais, in 1817, or the American W K Clarkson, in 1819. The early models didn't look much like the bicycles of today. The front wheel was much bigger than the back one, and also there weren't any pedals - riders had to move themselves forward by pushing their feet against the ground. Pedals finally arrived in the 1840s, and in 1879 an Englishman named Henry Lawson had the idea of connecting them to the back wheel with a chain. Gears, which made things much easier for those cycling uphill, first appeared in the 1890s. There are now approximately one billion bicycles in the world - more than twice the total number of cars - and they are the main form of transport in some developing countries. They have to compete with cars on the streets of all the world’s cities, and the two forms of transport don't always mix well. In London in 2005, for example, over 300 cyclists were either killed or seriously injured in accidents involving cars. Even though bicycles are much more environmentally friendly than cars, most governments don't do much to encourage people to ride rather than drive. In China, which is famous for having a huge number of bicycles (about 200 million), the authorities in the city of Shanghai even banned cycling for a while in 2003. Cycling is on the rise is the United Kingdom, and the number of annual journeys made by bike in London has increased 50% over the last five years. Experts say there is a mixture of reasons for this boom: concerns about the environment, the desire to keep fit, and also the fact that cycling is often not only cheaper but also quicker than travelling by car. However, although one in three British adults owns a bicycle, they still don't use them nearly as much as they could. Bikes are used for a mere 2% of journeys in the UK, while the figure for the Netherlands is an impressive 27%. Cycling is becoming more popular as a competitive sport, and the most famous race is of course the three-week Tour de France, which takes place every July. American Lance Armstrong won it every year from 1999 to 2005 - one of the greatest individual sporting achievements of all time. (Adaptedfrom Handouts for B2, University of Linguistics and International Studies, 2017) Question 38: Why didn't early bicycles look much like today's models? A. The wheels were different sizes. B. They only had one wheel. C. They were made of wood. D. They had machine. Question 39: The highlighted word "attributed" is closest in meaning to . A. rejected B. discounted C. acknowledged D. noticed Question 40: Which of the following is FALSE? Cycling was banned in Shanghai, China, in 2003. There are about one billion bicycles in the world today. More than 90% of the world's bicycles are in Africa. About 20% of the world bicycles are in China. Question 41: According to experts, which of the following is NOT an explanation for the recent increase in bicycle use in London? People want to keep fit. People have more money, so they can afford to buy good bicycles. Travelling by car is often slower than travelling by bicycle. Cycling protects the environment. Question 42: In the Netherlands, what percentage of journeys are made by bicycle? A. More than 25% B. 5-10% C. 25% D. Less than 5% Question 43: What was Lance Armstrong’s amazing achievement? Cycling continuously in three weeks. Winning the Tour de France seven times. Cycling to work every day for twenty years. Cycling all the way around the world. Question 44: The highlighted word “it” in paragraph 6 refers to . A. cycling B. sp