Bài giảng Tiếng Anh - Unit 4: Passive voice

Unit 4PASSIVE VOICE I.Công thức: S +________________ II.Qui tắc chuyển đổibe +V3/ VedS V O___+ ____________+_____[BE được chia theo thì của V ở câu chủ động]Ex: Ba opens the door.The door ___________ ___________ BE+V3/VedSby+Ois openedby Ba.III. Thể BĐ ở 10 thì:HT đơn:S + ___________+ V3/VedQK đơn:S + ___________+ V3/Vedam/is/arewas/wereHT HThành S + ___________+ V3/VedQK HThành S + ___________ +V3/Vedhas beenhave beenhad beenHT TDiễn S + ___________ + V3/VedQK TDiễn S + ___________ + V3/Vedam/is/are + beingwas/ were + being BĐ với Modal ( can/ will/ may/ must ... ) S + ________ + ___ + V3/VedTL đơn với will :S + ___________ + V3/Vedmodal be will + beTL với be going to : S + ___________ + V3/VedBĐ với have to S + ___________ +V3/Ved am/ is/ are going to+ be has to / have to / had to + be Ex: A French architect designs our house.Our house ________________by a French architect . is designedMr Reeds will design our house. Our house __________________by Mr Reeds . will be designed-I bought the book yesterday.The book __________ (by me) yesterday.was bought-The wind has damaged many houses.Many houses __________________ by the wind.have been damagedIV.Lưu ý:Cần phải bỏ: by them/ people/ everyone/ someone/ me/ you/ him/ us ... People speak English in Australia. English is spoken (by people ) in Australia. 2. Trong câu BĐ, vị trí các TrT như sau:... TrT nơi chốn + by...+ TrT thời gian Ex: Mary bought this hat in Viet Nam last month.This hat was bought ___________________ in VNby Marylast month. ExerciseBill is using the computer at the moment. The computer ______________ by Bill at the moment.is being used2. When did they decorate your kitchen? When _____ ____________wasyour kitchendecorated?3. We have to test these products. These products ________ _____ _________ .have tobetested4. Somebody was recording our conversations. Our conversations ______ ________ ___________ werebeingrecorded.5. How do people pronounce this word? How ______ this word______________ ? ispronounced6. The situation is serious. We must do something before it’s too late . The situation is serious. Something _______________ before it’s too late. must be done 7. They have postponed the concert.The concert _______________ .has been postponed . 8. They are going to build a new supermarket next year . A new supermarket _____________________next year . is going to be built9. Has your father repaired the car? ____ the car ___________ by your father ? Hasbeen repaired10. People advised us not to go out alone. ____ ____________ not to go out alone.  Wewere advised II. BĐ đặc biệt People say that he is ...He is said to be ... ( Người ta nói rằng ... ) Công thức:  S + be + V3/ Ved + to-infinitive ... 1.Tình huống:Đây là Henry. Ông ta già lắm rồi, nhưng không ai biết chính xác ông ta bao nhiêu tuổi.People say that he is 108 years old.____ _______ _______ 108 years old.Cả 2 câu đều có nghĩa là:Heto beis saidNgười ta nói rằng ông ta 108 tuổi rồi.2.Ta cũng có thể dùng 2 cấu trúc trên với các V3/ Ved sau: thought _ knownbelieved _ expected reported _considered ... 3. Ex: a. People say that Henry eats 10 eggs a day._______ is said ________ 10 eggs a day.to eatHenryb. People believe that the wanted man is living in New York.The wanted man is believed ________ living in New York.to bec. They expect that the strike will begin tomorrow.The strike is expected ___________ tomorrow.to begin4.Chú ý: Khi ĐT của MĐ chính ở thì QK , ta đổi:[ V2/ Ved  to have + V3/ Ved ]-They say that he stole £60.He is said ______________ £60. to have stolen-They said that he stole £60.He was said ______________ £60. to have stolen5. Các cấu trúc trên thường được sử dụng trong các bài tường thuật tin tức- They report that two people were killed in the explosion. Two people are reported ____________ killed in the explosion.[fr.Graminuse.139]to have been III. BĐ với “have/ get” have/ get + O + V3/ Ved [ vật]( nhờ, thuê ... vật gì đó được ... ) Ex : -I have/ get my hair cut every two months.( Someone cuts my hair for me.)-He has his car washed once a week.( Somebody washes the car for him.)IV. BĐ với “need ” need + V-ing ( cần được ... ) [ ý nghĩa BĐ]Ex : The floor is dirty. It needs (clean) ________ .cleaningV. BĐ với “make ”They made me work hard. (ko “to”)  I was made to work hard.( coù “to”)VI . BĐ với ĐT có 2 từ-People laugh at him.He is laughed at.-I was thinking about the problem during my holiday.The problem was being thought about during my holiday.